Enciclopedia dei modificatori

[Alessandro Passariello]

Blender Encyclopedia: Modifiers

There’s too many settings and functions in Blender to remember what each one does. And Google searches often raise more questions than they answer!

Introducing the Blender 101 series! The series where we focus on a specific area of blender and show you what each function does.

First up…

The Modifier Encyclopedia

by Anderson Baptisa

Ahh the ever growing modifier panel. There’s some that we use everyday, and others we don’t go near since we’ve never understood what they actually do!

Which is why I’ve spent the last month, trying out every single modifier and creating examples for each…

So let’s tackle each one (starting from left to right).

The Modify group

Mesh Cache

What it does:

Applies animations from external files to your objects.

Why use it?

To transfer a completely rigged character to another 3D application, bake an animation to disk and then play the results (like importing a realflow animation into Blender), or for re-using animations across other meshes like a stadium crowd for example.

Watch a tutorial on this.

UV Project

What it does:

Dynamically changes the UV coordinates to an object.

Why use it?

Once setup, it allows the user to quickly adjust a texture with a proxy (empty) object. (Unfortunately it is not available for Cycles yet. Sep/14)

Watch a tutorial on this.

UV Warp

What it does:

Moving the existing UV coordinates from one object place to another.

Why use it?

Can be used for animations like text scrolling on a billboard.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Vertex Weight Edit

What it does:

Allows the artist to animate or customize the weight of a vertex group.

Why use it?

If you’re using a feature that is accessing a vertex groups (like a ppost system), then this modifier will allow you fine tune it’s effect or even animate it’s influence.

More in depth reading and examples.

Vertex Weight Mix

What it does:

This modifier allows you to mix the influence of two vertex groups.

Why use it?

With this you can add vertex group A + vertex group B with variable strength to use both on a single modifier.

More in depth reading and examples.

Vertex Weight Proximity

What it does:

Controls the weight of vertex groups based on the distance of an object.

Why use it?

It could be used to animate parts of an object melting based on the distance to a flame.

More in depth reading and examples.

The ‘Generate’ group

Array

What it does:

Makes repeating instances of the mesh.

Why use it?

Used commonly to make things with repeating geometry, like a brick wall or street lamps along a street.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Bevel

What it does:

Adds a bevel or chamfer to all the edges or vertices of a mesh.

Why use it?

Since no object in the real world object has a perfectly sharp edge this modifier adds realism by making the edge slightly chamferred.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Boolean

What it does:

Unite, subtract or intersect the geometry multiple objects.

Why use it?

Can be a time saver in modeling complex shapes, but it really shines in animations like an “invisible” door opening up on a wall.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Build

What it does:

Constructs (or deconstructs) your mesh, element by element.

Why use it?

Together with some material effects you can achieve a really cool animation of a laser building an object.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Decimate

What it does:

Reduces the amount of geometry on your mesh using different algorithms.

Why use it?

You can set a lower resolution mesh of your objects for physics simulations or optimize your scene, decimating objects that are far away from the rendering camera.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Edge Split

What it does:

Turn smoothed edges into sharp corners based on their adjacent faces angle.

Why use it?

For creating sharp edges with the smooth shader on, without the ugly artifacts.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Mask

What it does:

Hides/shows parts of your mesh based on vertex groups.

Why use it?

Useful when modeling a complex scene and you want to focus on one part of the mesh.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Mirror

What it does:

Mirrors your mesh along any axis.

Why use it?

Saves time when modelling perfectly symmetrical objects like characters or cars, as you only need to model one side.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Multiresolution

What it does:

Subdivides your mesh and allows you to sculpt more details on each level.

Why use it?

Commonly used when sculpting a character as it allows you to sculpt detail on each level of a subdivision and go back and forth.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Remesh

What it does:

Mesh reconstruction algorithm.

Why use it?

Useful with problematic meshes that have issues like too many triangles or faces that are too thin and elongated. Meshes like this tend to present artifacts when deforming or subdividing.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Screw

What it does:

Stretches a mesh in a revolving shape.

Why use it?

It can be used to make a vase or other circular meshes out of a simple profile string of vertices.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Skin

What it does:

Creates a skin mesh using the edges of an object.

Why use it?

Useful for quickly creating a base mesh of a creature, using just strings of vertices.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Solidify

What it does:

Adds thickness to faces.

Why use it?

Useful for making models hollow for 3D printing. Also for fragments in an explosion where each part needs to look dense instead of like paper.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Subdivision Surface

What it does:

Subdivides your geometry for a denser, smoother mesh.

Why use it?

Keeps your mesh clean and low poly, whilst giving you the freedom to increase or decrease the detail for your render.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Triangulate

What it does:

Converts any type of polygon or n-gon into triangles.

Why use it?

For exporting your model to a game engine where you’ll need triangular faces instead of quads.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Wireframe

What it does:

Converts all the faces to a renderable wireframe mesh.

Why use it?

Useful for showing off the actual geometry of an object, like for a demoreel or portfolio.

 

The ‘Deform’ group

Armature

 What it does:

Deforms your object with the use of bones.

Why use it?

Just like in real life, the bones and tendons in our bodies are what deforms our skin and muscles. If you need to animate an organic character, this is the way to go.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Cast

What it does:

Deforms your mesh into a sphere, cylinder or box shape.

Why use it?

For creating interesting morphing animations between geometric shapes (great for motion graphics).

Watch a tutorial on this.

Curve

What it does:

Conforms your object to a curve shape.

Why use it?

To deform any object into the shape of a curve. Like a snake, chain links, or a cartoon bus making a tight curve.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Displace

What it does:

Deforms your object with the use of a texture map.

Why use it?

Extremely useful for creating realistic materials, by taking an image texture, making a displacement map then using it to change the geometry. As seen here.

 

Hook

What it does:

Grab vertices from another object when one interacts with it.

Why use it?

You can animate one object pulling or pushing parts of another object. Think of a piece of gum on the sidewalk when someone steps in it and stretches it out.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Laplacian Smooth

What it does:

Smoothing algorithm that removes ‘noise’ from the geometry object while trying to keep its overall shape.

Why use it?

Especially useful for scanned data that might present noise in the mesh surface. You may also achieve an erosion effect on your mesh by playing with its parameters.

Original scan data of a bust of Galileo by Derrick Salmon.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Laplacian Deform

What it does:

Manipulate portions of your mesh while the algorithm tries to keep the overall details and shape.

Why use it?

Repose your character without having to create bones, assigning vertex weights, etc… Also comes in handy for stretchy exaggerated poses on cartoon characters.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Lattice

What it does:

Deforms your mesh using a lattice (cage) object.

Why use it?

For deforming the overall shape of your object, simulating stretches, squashes or bends…

Watch a tutorial on this.

Mesh Deform

What it does:

Deforms your mesh using any other mesh as the cage, instead of the standard cube shaped lattice.

Why use it?

Really useful for all kinds for deformations. Pixar also uses this method on many of their stretchy cartoon characters.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Shrinkwrap

What it does:

Deforms your object to wrap around another object.

Why use it?

Conform a spline to the geometry of another shape. Like a road across a terrain.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Simple Deform

What it does:

Simple deformations of an object like Twist, Bend, Taper and Stretch.

Why use it?

Create interesting animations using basic deformations.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Smooth

What it does:

Smooths out the overall geometry but unlike the Laplacian Smooth; this will not try to retain the overall shape of your mesh.

Why use it?

For vastly smoothing out the geometry of an object.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Warp

What it does:

Warp a portion of a mesh from one point to another.

Why use it?

For animations where part of an object needs to stretch to another point in space.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Wave

What it does:

Deforms your objects using wave like oscillations.

Why use it?

Useful for adding simple wind effects to an object, without having to use a complex cloth simulator.

Watch a tutorial on this.

The ‘Simulate’ group

Cloth

What it does:

Simulates the realworld effect of fabric.

Why use it?

For simulating various types of fabric, from silk to denim.

 

Collision

What it does:

Used in conjunction with other simulations, to make an object collide with others.

Why use it?

When your simulation needs to interact with another object. Like sparks (pposts) bouncing off the floor.

 

Dynamic Paint

What it does:

Makes objects paint each other when they collide.

Why use it?

Multiple uses like; footsteps in the snow, rain hitting the pavement, fire burning a wall etc.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Explode

What it does:

Explodes your mesh into separate pieces. Must be used in conjunction with a ppost system.

Why use it?

For animations of an object disintegrating or exploding.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Fluid Simulation

What it does:

Simulates the real world effects of fluids.

Why use it?

For simulating fluid to the real world size of 10 meters (max). Do not use for large bodies like lakes or oceans (use the Ocean Modifier instead).

 

Ocean

What it does:

For simulating large bodies of water like a lake or an ocean.

Why use it?

When you want to simulate simple water surface effects on a large body of water.

Watch a tutorial on this: Part 1 – Part 2

Ppost Instance

What it does:

Works together with a ppost system mixing different meshes depending on the ppost state (birth, life, death).

Why use it?

For switching a mesh with another from when it’s born to when it dies. You can also use this modifier to spawn ppost trails from emitted pposts.

Read more about it here and here.

Ppost System

What it does:

Creates pposts that can be ‘emitted’ (thrown) from an object, ppost instances that remain stationary or hair.

Why use it?

Multitude of uses: a comet emitting a trail of debris, trees distributed across the ground or using the hair type pposts to create hair, fur or grass.

 

Smoke

What it does:

Simulates the real world effects of smoke or fire.

Why use it?

For creating a simple smoking object, a fire or both.

Watch a tutorial on this.

Soft Body

What it does:

Makes the mesh (or part of the mesh) behave like jelly; wobble, stretch and be affected by gravity.

Why use it?

Retains the original shape of the mesh, but makes it soft and able to collide with others. Also useful when part of a character needs to ‘jiggle’.

Watch a tutorial on this.

In Closing…

Hopefully this post gave you some ideas for your next project, and of course I hope you now feel confident trying new modifiers 🙂

What part of Blender would you like explained in the next Blender 101 post?  Post in the comments below!

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